GTU MCA MATERIAL | FOP IMPORTANT QUESTIONS | FOP ASSIGNMENT.

1.What is the purpose of a header file? Is the use of a header file absolutely necessary?

2. Why and when do we use #include directive?

3. Why and when do we use #define directive?

4. Why do we need to use comment in program?

5. Describe the basic data types in C.

6. What is ASCII? How common is its use?

7. Describe the different types of operators.

8. What is the difference between prefix and postfix of – and ++ operators?

9. Describe the use of the conditional operator to form a conditional expression.

10. What are formatted input and output statements in C? Give suitable example.  

11. Find the errors, if any

/* A simple program

int main()

{

/* Does nothing*/

}

12. Find the errors, if any

#include(stdio.h)

void main(void)

{

printf(“Hello C”);

}

13.Find the errors, if any

Include <math.h>

main{}

(

FLOAT  X;

X = 2.5 ;

Y = exp(x) ;

Print(x,y);

)

14. Find the output of the program :

#include<stdio.h>

void main()

{

int x=3,y=5,z=7,w;

w=x%y + y%x - z%x - x %z;

printf(“%d\n”,w);

w=x/z + y/z + (x+y)/z;

printf(“%d”,w);

}

15.Find the output of the program :

#include<stdio.h>

void main()

{

int x=3,y=5,z=7,w=9;

w += x + y -( z -= w );

printf(“w=% d, z=%d\n”,w,z);

w += x -= y %= z;

printf(“w=%d, y=%d, z=%d”,w,y,z);

}

16. Find the output of the program :

#include<stdio.h>

void main()

{

int x=3,y=5;

x = y++ + x++;

y = ++y + ++x;

printf(“x=% d, y=%d”,x,y);

}

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Assignment – 8 Regular Language & Finite Automata

MCA Semester – II

Subject: 620007 – Theory of Computation

Assignment – 8

Regular Language & Finite Automata

1	Regular Language
2	Regular Expression
3	Regular Language & Regular Expression Over Σ
4	Finite Automata / Finite State Machine / DFA
5	Transition Table
6	Types of State
7	Transition Diagram
8	Transition Function ( δ )
9	Extended Transition Function ( δ* )
10	String Accepted by FA
11	String Rejected by FA
12	Regular Language ( In Context of  FA)
13	Distinguishable String With Respect To Language

Note: Write all Answers with Example.

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Theory Of Computation | Assignment – Nondeterminism and Kleene’s Theorem

MCA Semester – II

Subject: 620007 – Theory of Computation

Assignment – 9

Nondeterminism and Kleene’s Theorem

1	Nondeterministic Finite Automata
2	Non-Recursive Definition of δ* for an NFA
3	Recursive Definition of  δ* for an NFA
4	Acceptance by an NFA
5	NFA with Λ – Transition (NFA–Λ)
6	Non-Recursive Definition of δ* for an NFA – Λ
7	Λ – Closure of a Set of States
8	Recursive Definition of  δ* for an NFA – Λ
9	Statement & Application of Kleene’s Theorem - I
10	Statement & Application of Kleene’s Theorem - II
11	Relationship Between DFA and NFA
12	DFA Vs. NFA

Note: Write all Answers with Example.

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GTU MCA 3rd SEMESTER | SOOADM ASSIGNEMENTS

Department of MCA

Semester – III

(1) What is System? Explain the types of System in brief.
(2) List and briefly define the seven phases of the systems development life cycle.
(3) Discuss the Roles & Qualities of System Analysts.
(4) Give the Differences:
(a) OAS vs. KWS
(b) MIS vs. DSS
(c) CSCWS vs. GDSS
(5) List the reasons for adopting CASE tools.
(6) List advantages of using Code Generation tools.
(7) List the advantages of using system analysis and design techniques.
(8) Discuss integrating technologies for systems.

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system software material | question bank | SS Importatnt Questions

Unit 1 :- Introduction to System Software and Software Tools

Chapter 1 :-  Language Processors

 Define the following terms.

Program Software application software system software Application domain execution domain semantics semantic gap PL Domain specification gap execution gap, Language Processor Language Processing Source Program Target Program Source Language Target Language Language Translator Detranslator Preprocessor Language Migrator Interpreter Problem Oriented Languages

Procedure Oriented Languages Lexical rules syntax rules semantic rules Forward Reference Language Processor Pass Intermediate Representation of Programs Formal Language Alphabet Terminal Symbol Meta Symbol String, Length Null String Concatenation Non Terminal Symbol Production Distinguished Symbol Grammar Binding Binding Times Static Binding Dynamic Binding

 Write an answer of following questions in detail.

1. Describe that how Language Processing Activities arise and how it is represented using domains.
2. Advantages of Introducing PL domain between application domain and execution domain.
3. Describe a spectrum (entire) of Language Processor.
4. Explain Language Processing Activity (Program Generation & Program Execution Activity) in detail.
5. Explain the comparison of Translation model and Interpretation model in terms of Advantage and Disadvantage.
6. Explain Forward Reference with example.
7. Draw and Explain Front-End of a Toy Compiler with Lexical Analysis, Syntax Analysis semantic analysis.
8. Draw and Explain Back-End of a Toy Compiler with memory allocation and code generation.
9. Explain Derivation, Reduction and Parse Trees with example.
10. Explain different types of Grammars (Type 0, Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, Operator Grammar).
11. What is ambiguity in Grammatic specification and how we can remove it?
12. Explain Two Language Processor Development Tool (LPDT) LEX and YACC with example.

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DBMS - II ASSIGNMENT | Assignment Database Backup and Recovery

M.C.A. Semester - II

620006 – Databse Management System - II

Assignment – 3 (Database Backup and Recovery)

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Q-1. Explain the Following Questions in detail.

1). What is Database Backup? Why backup is needed? Explain Types of Database Backup?

2). Discuss different types of database failures that may occur in database environment?

3). What is Recovery? Explain types of Recovery? (Forward and Backward Recovery)

4). What is Log Based Recovery? Explain all Log based Recovery technique with Example?

5). What is Checkpoint? How is checkpoint information is used in recovery operation following System crash explain with example?

6). Describe Shadow Paging Recovery Technique? Under what circumstances does it 
not require a transaction log? List advantages and disadvantage of shadow paging?

7). What is Database Buffer? Explain Buffer Management technique used in database recovery?

8). Table : Transaction T1

Time shot	Transaction Step	Actions
Time-1	Read (A,a1)	Read current employee’s load balance.
Time-2	a1:= a1 – 500	Debit the Account by INR 500
Time-3	Write(A,a1)	Write the new loan balance
Time-4	Read (B,b1)	Read the current account payable balance
Time-5	b1 := b1 + 500	Credit the account balance by INR 500
Time-6	Write(B,b1)	Write the new balance
Time-7	Commit T1	Commit entire transaction

Consider the transaction as above Table to create log entries for immediate updates. Suppose, that a failure occurs just after the transaction log record for action Write(B,b1) has been Written.

a). Show the Contents of transaction log at the time of failure.

b). What action is necessary and Why?

c). What are the Resulting value of A and B?

9). Consider the transaction as above Table to create log entries for deferred updates. Suppose, that a failure occurs just after the record is written to the transaction log?

a). Show the Contents of transaction log at the time of failure.

b). What action is necessary and Why?

c). What are the Resulting value of A and B?

10).  Consider the following Transaction Step for Immediate Update Technique. 
Initial Value of A=1000, B=2000 and C=700.

         

Transaction Step	Actions
Begin Transaction T1	Start Transaction T1
Read (A)	Read Value A
A:= A – 50	Deduct 50 from A
Write(A)	Write the new value of A
Read (B)	Read the Value of B
B := B + 50	Add 50 to B
Write(B)	Write the new value of B
End Transaction	Commit entire transaction T1
Begin Transaction T2	Start Transaction T2
Read (C)	Read Value of C
C:=C-100	Deduct 100 from C
Write (C)	Write the new value for C
End Transaction T2	Commit Entrire transaction T2

• Create Log entries for Above transaction steps.
• Let us Assume that the crash occurs just after the log record for step write(B) of transaction T1 then
• What action is necessary and why?
• What are the resulting value of A and B
• Let us Assume that Crash comes just after the log record for the Wrtite(C) of Transaction T2 then
• What action is necessary and Why?
• What are the resulting value of A and B?
• Finally, Let us Assume that Crash occurs just after the log record for Transaction T2,Commit
• What action is necessary and Why?
• What are the resulting value of A and B?  

11). Consider the following log entries.

Log Entries

T1,Start

T1,A,5000,4500

T1,Commit

Checkpoint

T2,Start

T2,B,1000,1050

T2,C,4000,3900

T2,Commit

T3,Start

T3,D,2500,2000

T4,Start

T4,E,1000,1200

T4,F,1200,1400

Suppose, that system crash is occurs after the last write entry of F of transaction T4 
then What action is necessary and why?        

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 Q-2. Differentiate the following :

1). Deferred Update Vs Immediate Update

2). Rollforward Vs Rollback

3). Stable Storage Vs Disk

4). Volatile Storage Vs Non-Volatile Storage

5). System Crash Vs Media Failure

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Q-3. Answer the following in One line?

1) If the buffer pool is large enough that uncommited data are never forced to disk, is UNDO still necessary?

2) How about REDO?

3) If updates are always forced to disk when a transaction is performed, is UNDO still necessary?

4) How about REDO?

5) After a soft crash, where in the log should Analysis start?

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Assignment | Database Security | database management system - II

M.C.A. Semester - II

620006 – Databse Management System - II

Assignment – 4 (Database Security)

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 Q-1. Explain the Following Questions in detail.

1).What is Security? Explain the importance.

2).What is database security? Explain the purpose and scope of database security.

3).Explain the different threats of database security.

4).List the types of database security issues.

5).What is Access control? Define the types of access control.

6).Explain Discretionary Access Control.

7).Describe the Granting privileges using SQL with syntax and example.

8).Describe the Revoking privileges using SQL with syntax and example.

9).Explain the concept of Audit Trail?

10).Explain the Mandatory Access Control.

11).What is statistics database security?

12).What do you mean by firewall? What are firewall techniques that are used in database Security?

13).Explain data Encryption with different schemes.

14).What is meant by privileges? Discuss the types of privileges at account or system level and Table or relational level?

15).Using Polyalphabetic substitution method and encryption key, “SECURITY”, encrypt the plaintext message “SELL ALL STOCKS”

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Q-2. Differentiate the following :

1).Security Vs integrity

2).Discretionary Access Control Vs Mandatory Access Control

3).Authorization Vs Authentication.

4).Simple Property Vs Star Property

5).Audit Trail Vs Transaction Log

6).Simple Substitution Method Vs Polyalphabetic Substitution Method

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Databse Management System - II | Assignment - 5 Relational Algebra

M.C.A. Semester - II

620006 – Databse Management System - II

Assignment – 5 (Relational Algebra)

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Q-1. Explain the Following Questions in detail.

1). What is relational Algebra?

2). Explain SELECTION operator with Example?

3). Explain PROJECTION operator with Example?

4). Explain UNION operator with Example?

5). Explain SET DIFFERENCE operator with Example?

6). Explain CARTESIAN PRODUCT operator with Example?

7). Explain RENAME operator with Example?

8). Explain SET INTERSECTION operator with Example?

9). Explain NATURAL JOIN operator with Example?

10). Explain DIVISION operator with Example?

11). Explain ASSIGNMENT operator with Example?

12). Explain INSERT, DELETE and UPDATE operator with Example?

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Q-2. Query Examples in Relational Algebra and SQL

Consider the relation schemas as follows and Convert Following query into SQL and Relational Algebra.

WORKS           (PERSON_NAME, COMPANY_NAME, SALARY)

LIVES              (PERSON_NAME, STREET, CITY)

LOCATED_IN   (COMPANY_NAME, CITY)

MANAGERS     (PERSON_NAME, MANAGER_NAME)

          Where manager_name referes to Person_name

A) Find the name of the persons who work for company ‘FBC’

B) List the names of the persons who work for company ’FBC’ along with the cities they live in.

C) Find the persons who work for company ’FBC’ with a salary of more than 10000. List the names of these persons along with the streets and cities where they live.

D) Find the names of the persons who live and  work in the same city.

E) Find the names of the persons who live in the same city and on the same street as their managers.

F) Find the names of the persons who do not work for company ’FBC’.

G) Find the persons whose salaries are more than the salary of everybody who work for company ’SBC’.

H) Find the names of the companies that is located in every city where company ’SBC’ is located in.

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Databse Management System - II | Assignment – Introduction to other Databases

M.C.A. Semester - II

620006 – Databse Management System - II

Assignment – 7 (Introduction to other Databases)

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Q-1. Explain the Following Questions in detail.

1)	What is Parallel Database System? Explain Advantage, Disadvantage of Parallel Database?
2)	Explain Key element of Parallel Database system?
3)	Explain Architecture of parallel Database with advantage and disadvantage?
4)	Explain inter query parallelism and intra query parallelism?
5)	Explain Advantage, disadvantage of Distributed Database System?
6)	Explain Types and Property of Distributed Databases?
7)	Explain Architecture of Distributed Database System?
8)	Explain Two Phase commit?
9)	Explain features, Advantage and Disadvantage of OODBMS?

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